Vitamins
Does Cooking Destroy Nutrients? The Evidence by Vitamin and Method
Cooking destroys some vitamins, increases others' bioavailability, and reduces antinutrients. Here's what the evidence shows by nutrient and cooking method.
BeginnerFat-Soluble Vitamins A, D, E, and K: Why They Behave Differently from B and C
Fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K store in body fat and liver, require dietary fat for absorption, and can build up to toxic levels. Here's the science.
BeginnerHow Vitamin C Works and Why You Can't Absorb Unlimited Amounts
Vitamin C absorption drops sharply with high doses: 80% at 100mg, 50% at 500mg, 12% at 1250mg. Here's why, and what the evidence shows on megadosing.
IntermediateVitamin E: The Fat-Soluble Antioxidant Your Cell Membranes Depend On
Vitamin E protects cell membrane fats from oxidation. The RDA is 15mg alpha-tocopherol. Here's why food beats high-dose supplements, which can do harm.
IntermediateVitamin K1 vs K2: Blood Clotting, Bone Health, and the Warfarin Interaction
Vitamin K1 from greens runs blood clotting. K2 from fermented foods directs calcium to bone, not arteries. Here's the science and the warfarin interaction.
Intermediate